Italy, Kingdom. A 21St Infantry Division "Grenadiers Of Sardinia" Sleeve Shield

(21° Divisione fanteria "Granatieri di Sardegna") In die-stamped bronze gilt with black enamels, unmarked, measuring 49.8 mm (w) x 60.7 mm (h), die-holes at all four points for uniform attachment, fine chipping evident in the black enamels, scattered gilt wear, contact marks, very fine.

Footnote: The 21st Infantry Division "Grenadiers of Sardinia" was an infantry division of the Italian Army during the Second World War. The division can trace its origins to 1659 when the Duke Carlo Emanuele II of Savoy formed a regiment of Guards. It became a unit in the national army in 1866. On February 8, 1934, the 21st Infantry Division received the name Granatieri di Sardegna (Grenadiers of Sardinia). In 1939, the 21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna lost the 3rd Granatieri di Sardegna Regiment. The division entered the Second World War with the the 2nd Division "Grenadiers of Sardinia", the 13th Artillery Regiment and some minor units. In June 1940, it was mobilized and took part in the invasion of France as a part of the Italian VII Army reserve in Asti, and due to the quick victory in the Battle of France, was not involved in any operations. The division was transferred to Yugoslavia on May 8, 1941, to the Province of Ljubljana, and took part in encircling Ljubljana with barbed wire in 1942 and was also stationed at Kočevje. The division moved to Croatia in September of 1942, and back to Rome in the second half of November of 1942, to aid in the defence of the city in case of an Allied attack. During this time, the division was re-organized along the lines of the Mod.43 reform of the Italian Army and was augmented with the XXI Mortar Battalion. In total, the division fielded 14,500 troops. After the armistice between Italy and the Allies on September 8, 1943, the division found itself fighting Italy's former allies, the Germans, and along with the 12th Infantry Division Sassari and 135th Armored Division Ariete II, in the defence of Rome. The Grendaiers fought along the Via Ostiensis for two days before falling back to the Porta San Paolo, where the division fought a last stand. There the division was joined by remnants of the Sassari division, the 8th Cavalry Regiment Lancieri di Montebello and hundreds of civilian volunteers. The future Italian president, Sandro Pertini, brought a detachment of Socialist resistance fighters to Porta San Paolo where they received the weapons of fallen Grenadiers. Around 12:30 the Catholic Communist movement arrived with reinforcements including famed actor Carlo Ninchi. However, by 17:00 the Germans broke the line of the Italian defenders, who had suffered 570 dead. Soon after the Italian military units surrendered to the Germans as the flight of Italian King Victor Emmanuel III from Rome had made further resistance senseless. However the Italian soldiers handed thousands of weapons over to the civilian population, which was quick to form an organized resistance movement in the city of Rome. For their role in the defence of the Rome, the 1st Grenadiers of Sardinia Regiment and the 8th Cavalry Regiment Lancieri di Montebello were awarded with the Gold Medal of Military Valour. After the surrender of the Grenadiers of Sardinia division, three Grenadier battalions based in Corsica refused to surrender to the Germans and along with the 20th Infantry Division Friuli, 44th Infantry Division Cremona, 225th Coastal Division, 226th Coastal Division and French Partisans, they began to fight retreating German troops. The German Sturmbrigade Reichsführer SS and 90th Panzergrenadier Division and the Italian 12 Parachute Battalion of the 184 Parachute Regiment, which had come from Sardinia, tried to retreat through Corsica towards the harbour of Bastia in the island's north perimeter. On September 13th, elements of the Free French 4th Moroccan Mountain Division landed in Ajaccio, to support the Italian efforts to stop the 30,000 retreating Germans. However the Germans managed to escape. By augmenting the existing three battalions, the Italian Co-Belligerent Army managed to raise the Grenadiers of Sardinia division anew in Sardinia, on May 15, 1944. The division consisted of the 1st and 2nd Grenadier Regiments, the 32nd and 132nd Armoured Infantry Regiments, 548th and 553rd Artillery Regiments and an Engineer Company. However it was decided that the infantry units of the division should join the Friuli Combat Group in Italy. On August 31st, the Grenadiers was disbanded, with the remaining units used to augment the Cremona Combat Group.